What is a dry cough and why do I have a dry cough as soon as I lie down? What can I do to alleviate a dry cough? What are the possible causes of a dry cough? Find out all you need to know about dry coughs here – from the definition to treatment.
A dry cough is also known as an unproductive cough. That means a cough that doesn’t produce any mucus. Dry coughs are usually caused by an irritated lower respiratory tract (bronchial tubes, larynx, trachea). In some cases, however, irritation of the upper respiratory tract (nose, throat) can also lead to a dry cough. Experts differentiate between acute and chronic dry coughs. An acute dry cough lasts less than three to four weeks, while a chronic dry cough lasts longer.
Whether it’s a stubborn dry cough or a dry cough while talking – there are many possible causes:
In addition to these, there are other causes of dry coughs. With some medications – particularly heart medication – a dry cough is a common side effect. Hormonal changes, for example before, during and after menopause, also influence the mucous membranes and in some cases lead to dry coughs. And last but not least, dry coughs themselves irritate the throat, which may cause further coughing.
A dry cough is a possible symptom of COVID-19. In this case, it often occurs together with fever, a runny nose, loss of taste and smell, as well as other complaints. In cases of long COVID, the dry cough may persist even after the infection has subsided. In rare cases, coronavirus affects the brain and nerves, which intensifies the coughing reflex.
Dry coughs often occur at night when lying down. There are several reasons for this – for example, a cold or a respiratory illness. But why do dry coughs get worse at night when you have a cold? If you have a blocked nose, you breathe more through your mouth. This dries out the mucous membranes in your throat. As a result, the cough receptors are irritated and you have a dry cough when you lie down. In addition, when you lie down, nasal secretions – the fluid produced by the nasal mucosa – enter your throat more quickly. This also triggers an urge to cough.
Heartburn can also cause a dry cough at night. This is because, when you lie down, stomach acid flows back up and sometimes irritates your airways. Sleeping with your upper body elevated usually helps to relieve coughing.
In most cases, a dry cough is harmless. However, you should consult a doctor in the following cases:
If your child has a dry cough, they will need to see a doctor if:
Whether it’s home remedies, medication or breathing exercises: there are many things you can do to alleviate a dry cough. Below is an overview of possible remedies that may help relieve your dry cough.
There are various home remedies available for severe dry coughs:
Most home remedies for dry coughs are gentle and are therefore well suited for treating severe dry coughs during pregnancy. However, talk to your doctor before using home remedies. This applies in particular to essential oils such as eucalyptus oil and plant-based remedies, which may have side effects during pregnancy.
Did you know that cough syrup for dry coughs often contains alcohol? Avoid such remedies and speak to your doctor. They will tell you which remedies are suitable for you.
Certain medications can also be used to treat a dry cough:
In addition to medication and home remedies, there are other remedies and measures to help alleviate a dry cough:
Whether it’s a pollen allergy or a cold – there are many causes of dry coughs and many ways to alleviate them. But if your dry cough lasts for a long time or you have a dry cough every night and home remedies or medication don’t help, talk to your doctor: in this case, a different treatment method may be required.
The expert provided the editorial team with advice and input for this article. Nadia Cifarelli (BSc Psychology, certified holistic health advisor) works for the Helsana health consultation service. She helps customers on issues to do with prevention, nutrition and mental health.
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